What should a pilot do if they experience communications failure while in a holding pattern?

In the situation where a pilot experiences a communications failure while in a holding pattern, the appropriate course of action is to complete the approach at the expected further clearance (EFC) time. This is consistent with the regulations and standard procedures for handling communications failures.

The rationale behind this choice lies in the fact that when a pilot is in a holding pattern and loses communication, they are typically already on an approach to land. The EFC time provides a timeline for the pilot to execute the approach based on air traffic control's last instructions. By planning to complete the approach at the EFC, the pilot can ensure that they are following the procedural guidelines laid out for such situations, maintaining safety and predictability in air traffic operations.

Continuing to hold until communications are restored, while it may seem prudent, could result in inefficiencies or conflict with other aircraft, as the pilot is not actively progressing toward landing. Executing a VFR landing is generally not advisable unless under specific circumstances, as this could compromise controlled flight operations. Departing the holding fix at the ETA/EFC without completing the approach does not align with the typical procedures that prioritize ensuring a clear understanding of one’s intentions and actions during critical phases of flight.

Thus, choosing to complete the