What should a pilot do if they encounter unanticipated turbulence during descent under IFR?

When a pilot encounters unanticipated turbulence during descent under IFR, adjusting speed as necessary and maintaining control is crucial for safety and aircraft stability. Turbulence can affect the aircraft's handling characteristics, and a pilot may need to slow down to a speed that is safe for turbulence conditions. This approach not only helps maintain control of the aircraft but also reduces the potential for structural stress on the aircraft.

In such a situation, the primary objective is to manage the aircraft effectively, ensuring that it remains within safe operating limits while navigating the turbulent air. Maintaining control involves being responsive to the aircraft’s movements and making small adjustments to keep it steady.

The other options may not be appropriate responses in this scenario. Immediately climbing to a higher altitude can be difficult and may not always be feasible due to air traffic or terrain. Maintaining the planned descent rate could expose the aircraft to added stress or further complications without considering the immediate environment. Notifying ATC may be necessary later, but the first priority is ensuring safe handling of the aircraft in the turbulent conditions.