When an aircraft is not equipped with a transponder, what must be done before ATC will authorize a flight within Class B airspace?

The correct response is that a request for the proposed flight must be made to ATC at least 1 hour before the flight. In Class B airspace, which is heavily controlled airspace around major airports, any aircraft wishing to operate within that space must coordinate with Air Traffic Control (ATC). This is especially critical for aircraft without a transponder, as transponders are key for situational awareness and separation from other air traffic.

The requirement to notify ATC at least 1 hour in advance allows the controller sufficient time to assess the situation and determine whether it's safe to authorize the flight under the current traffic conditions. This proactive communication is essential for maintaining safety in high-density traffic environments.

Other options do not meet the stringent requirements set out for flights operating without transponders. For instance, while operating under VFR conditions may be relevant, it does not specifically address the need for prior coordination with ATC. Similarly, a phone request is not mandated; transmission can occur via other approved means. Lastly, the flight operating in visual meteorological conditions, while generally safer, does not guarantee clearance without proper prior notification and approval from ATC.